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| signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | website = }} Joseph Medicine Crow-High Bird (born October 27, 1913) is a Crow historian and author. He is also an enrolled member of the Crow Nation of Native Americans. His writings on Native American history and reservation culture are considered seminal works, but he is best known for his writings and lectures concerning the Battle of the Little Bighorn. He is a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Bronze Star Medal, and the Légion d'honneur. During World War II, he became the last war chief of the Crow Tribe, and is, as of 2013, the last living Plains Indian war chief. He is a founding member of the Traditional Circle of Indian Elders & Youth. He turned 100 in October 2013. ==World War II and becoming the last war chief of the Crow Tribe== Medicine Crow joined the Army in 1943, becoming a scout in the 103rd Infantry Division and fought in World War II. Whenever he went into battle, he wore his war paint beneath his uniform and a sacred eagle feather beneath his helmet.〔(Ken Burn’s “The War” )〕 Medicine Crow completed all four tasks required to become a war chief: Touching an enemy without killing him, taking an enemy's weapon, leading a successful war party and stealing an enemy's horse. He touched a living enemy soldier and disarmed an enemy when he turned a corner and found himself face to face with a young German soldier: He also led a successful war party and stole an enemy horse, making a midnight raid to steal the horses from a battalion of German officers (as he rode off, he sang a traditional Crow honor song.) He is the last member of the Crow tribe to become a war chief.〔 Of his story, documentarian Ken Burns said, "The story of Joseph Medicine Crow is something I've wanted to tell for 20 years."〔(Brendan Miniter, “Ken Burns Returns to War” ''Wall Street Journal Opinion'' ), September 19, 2007; accessed September 19, 2007.〕 Medicine Crow was interviewed and appeared in the 2007 Ken Burns PBS series ''The War'', describing his World War II service. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joe Medicine Crow」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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